Girth or cinch: A wide strap that goes under the horse's barrel, just behind the front legs of the horse that holds the saddle on.D-ring: a "D"-shaped ring on the front of a saddle, to which certain pieces of equipment (such as breastplates) can be attached.Leathers and flaps (English), or fenders (Western): The leather straps connecting the stirrups to the saddle tree and leather flaps giving support to the rider's leg and protecting the rider from sweat.Stirrup: part of the saddle in which the rider's feet are placed provides support and leverage to the rider.Pommel (English)/ swells (Western): the front, slightly raised area of the saddle.Seat: the part of the saddle where the rider sits, it is usually lower than the pommel and cantle to provide security.The solid saddle tree raises the rider above the horse's back, and distributes the rider's weight, reducing the pounds per square inch carried on any one part of the horse's back, thus greatly increasing the comfort of the horse and prolonging its useful life. It provides a bearing surface to protect the horse from the weight of the rider. The tree's size determines its fit on the horse's back, as well as the size of the seat for the rider. The saddler eventually covers it with leather or with a leather-like synthetic. Tree: the base on which the rest of the saddle is built – usually based on wood or a similar synthetic material.The saddle was a crucial step in the increased use of domesticated animals, during the Classical Era. Proper saddle care can extend the useful life of a saddle, often for decades. Today, modern saddles come in a wide variety of styles, each designed for a specific equestrianism discipline, and require careful fit to both the rider and the horse. The solid saddle tree was a later invention, and though early stirrup designs predated the invention of the solid tree, the paired stirrup, which attached to the tree, was the last element of the saddle to reach the basic form that is still used today. It is not known precisely when riders first began to use some sort of padding or protection, but a blanket attached by some form of surcingle or girth was probably the first "saddle", followed later by more elaborate padded designs. However, specialized saddles have been created for oxen, camels and other animals. The most common type is the equestrian saddle designed for a horse. The saddle is a supportive structure for a rider of an animal, fastened to an animal's back by a girth. Western saddle at Garza County Historical Museum in Post, Texas, United States
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